Tutorials

Tutorials for getting started with programming on Linux

Move the Ball

Now we move the ball so the position is updated each frame in order to move

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Now that we have a ball and we can set its position inside the window, the next step is to move the ball. After initializing the GLGTKArea, we trigger the on_idle function every twenty milliseconds to redraw the OpenGL context.

In order to call the function gtk_widget_queue_draw, we need to pass the GTKGLArea context into the function. The on_idle function takes a null pointer as a parameter, so we can pass in what ever we want as long as we typecast it.

main.c
#include <epoxy/gl.h> #include <epoxy/glx.h> #include <gtk/gtk.h> #include <math.h> #include "DashGL/dashgl.h" #define WIDTH 640.0f #define HEIGHT 480.0f static void on_realize(GtkGLArea *area); static void on_render(GtkGLArea *area, GdkGLContext *context); static gboolean on_idle(gpointer data); vec3 pos = { 50.0f, 50.0f, 0.0f }; mat4 mvp; GLuint program; GLuint vao, vbo_circle; GLint attribute_coord2d; GLint uniform_mvp; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *glArea; gtk_init(&argc, &argv); // Initialize Window window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "Brickout Tutorial"); gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window), GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER); gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 640, 480); gtk_window_set_type_hint(GTK_WINDOW(window), GDK_WINDOW_TYPE_HINT_UTILITY); g_signal_connect(window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK(gtk_main_quit), NULL); // Initialize GTK GL Area glArea = gtk_gl_area_new(); gtk_widget_set_vexpand(glArea, TRUE); gtk_widget_set_hexpand(glArea, TRUE); g_signal_connect(glArea, "realize", G_CALLBACK(on_realize), NULL); g_signal_connect(glArea, "render", G_CALLBACK(on_render), NULL); gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), glArea); // Show widgets gtk_widget_show_all(window); gtk_main(); return 0; } static void on_realize(GtkGLArea *area) { // Debug Message g_print("on realize\n"); gtk_gl_area_make_current(area); if(gtk_gl_area_get_error(area) != NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Unknown error\n"); return; } const GLubyte *renderer = glGetString(GL_RENDER); const GLubyte *version = glGetString(GL_VERSION); const GLubyte *shader = glGetString(GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION); printf("Shader %s\n", shader); printf("Renderer: %s\n", renderer); printf("OpenGL version supported %s\n", version); glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); glGenVertexArrays(1, &vao); glBindVertexArray(vao); int i; float angle, nextAngle; int num_segments = 100; GLfloat circle_vertices[6 * 100]; for(i = 0; i g_timeout_add(20, on_idle, (void*)area); } static void on_render(GtkGLArea *area, GdkGLContext *context) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); mat4_translate(pos, mvp); glUniformMatrix4fv(uniform_mvp, 1, GL_FALSE, mvp); glBindVertexArray(vao); glEnableVertexAttribArray(attribute_coord2d); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo_circle); glVertexAttribPointer( attribute_coord2d, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0 ); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3 * 100); glDisableVertexAttribArray(attribute_coord2d); } static gboolean on_idle(gpointer data) { pos[0] += 1.0f; gtk_widget_queue_draw(GTK_WIDGET(data)); return TRUE; }

Compile

$ gcc -c -o DashGL/dashgl.o DashGL/dashgl.c -lepoxy -lpng -lm
$ gcc `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0` main.c DashGL/dashgl.o `pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0` \
-lepoxy -lm -lpng

Run

$ ./a.out

Version Changes

  • Nov 20, 2017 Changed explanation from “ten milliseconds” to “twenty milliseconds” to reflect the source code. Fix offered by u/Yell_owish on reddit.